A conceptual approach to ensuring the safe construction and operation for transport infrastructure facilities in the Russian far East and the Arctic

The relevance of this study is driven by the fact that over 65% of Russia's territory and more than 90% of the Far Eastern Federal District are located within the northern construction and climatic zone. Given the ongoing degradation of permafrost, ensuring the reliability of transport infrastructure throughout all stages of an object's life cycle has become critical for the safety of economic activities and regional connectivity across Russia. The aim of this scientific work is to propose a conceptual approach to ensure the safe construction and operation of facilities in the changing conditions of the Far East and the Arctic. This approach examines the application of information modeling using the example of existing facilities operating in permafrost soils. Solving such problems is only possible with the development of a high-quality geotechnical workforce, capable of assessing and forecasting processes occurring in permafrost and seasonally frozen soil zones. The methodology involves numerical modeling of the foundations of artificial structures (AS), solving thermal field distribution problems, and forecasting changes over a long-term perspective. The result of the work is the creation of information models of real artificial structures of the Russian Railways Far Eastern landfill and confirmation of the possibility of their practical application as part of a common database of information models of transport infrastructure facilities (including the ‘base-foundation’ system) in conditions of degradation of permafrost soils. The approaches to calculations, data analysis, arguments and conclusions presented in the study can be used in the development and updating of the components of the main professional educational programs of higher education, the direction of preparation 08.04.01. Construction, as well as related areas and specialties. 

1. The staffing needs in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2035 have been determined. Investment Portal of the Arctic one of the Russian Federation: site . URL: https://arctic-russia.ru/en/news/the-staffing-needs-in-the-arctic-zone-of-the-russian-federation-until-2035-have-been-determined/.

2. Fadeyev A. Russian Arctic zone needs 25,000 specialists, scientists say. Tass: Russian news agency, 2022. August 10. URL: https://tass.com/economy/1491941.

3. List of universities where you can get the profession of a geocryologist. Postupi online: site . (In Russ.). URL: https://postupi.online/professiya/geokriolog/vuzi/.

4. SP 274.1325800.2016. Bridges. Monitoring of technical condition. Moscow: Standartinform; 2016. 45 p. (In Russ.).

5. SP 333.1325800.2017. Building information modeling. Rules for information modeling of objects at various stages of the life cycle. Moscow: Standartinform; 2021. 190 p. (In Russ.)

6. Skvortsov A. V. BIM data models for infrastructure. CAD and GIS for roads. 2015;(4):16–23. (In Russ.). DOI 10.17273/CADGIS.2015.1.2.

7. Zainagabdinov D. A., Basov V. V. Design and production of a full-scale model of a ballast-free bridge deck. oung Science of Siberia. 2022;(16):194–201. (In Russ.).

8. Ovchinnikov I. G., Ovchinnikov I. I., Nigamatova O. I., Mikhaldykin E. S. Strength monitoring of bridge constructions and features of its application. Part 2. Сontinuous monitoring of bridge construction status. Russian Journal of Transport Engineering. 2014;1(2). URL: http://t-s.today/PDF/01TS214.pdf.

9. GOST 25100–2020. Soils. Classification. Moscow: Standartinform; 2020. 43 p. (In Russ.).

10. SP 25.13330.2020. Soil bases and foundations on permafrost soils. Updated edition of SNiP 2.02.04-88. Moscow: Standartinform; 2021. 110 p. (In Russ.).

11. SP 22.13330.2016. Soil bases of buildings and structures. Updated edition of SNiP 2.02.01-83*. Moscow: Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation; 2016. 186 p. (In Russ.)

12. SP 35.13330.2011. Bridges and culverts. Updated edition of SNiP 2.05.03-84*. Moscow: Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation; 2011. 341 p. (In Russ.).

13. Kudryavtsev S. A., Peters A. A., Shestakov I. V. Numerical modeling of freezing and thawing processes in determining the thickness of thermal insulation of foundations. Science and Innovations – Modern Concepts: Scientific Proceedings. Vol. 2. Moscow: Infiniti; 2020. P. 113–123. (In Russ.).

14. Kudryavtsev S. A., Sakharov I. I., Paramonov V. N. Freezing and thawing of soils: practical examples and finite element calculations. Saint Petersburg: Georeconstruction Group of Companies; 2014, 248 p. (In Russ.).

15. Kudryavtsev S. A., Shestakov I. V., Peters A. A., Lapchinskii E. N. Creation of a basis for information models for the construction and reconstruction of railway embankments. Russia-UAE conference on applied and interdisciplinary research: Proceedings of the International University Scientific Forum. UAE: Scientific publishing house Infinity; 2025. Р. 57–69. DOI 10.34660/INF.2025.29.53.027.

16. Shestakov I. V., Chub P. S. Formation of digital models of artificial structures. Scientific, Technical, and Economic Cooperation Among Asia-Pacific Countries in the 21st Century. 2025;1:351–358. (In Russ.).

17. Peters A. A., Shestakov I. V., Kudryavtsev S. A. Creation of information models of soils and foundations of railway bridges during construction and operation in permafrost soil conditions. Scientific Research of the SCO Countries: Synergy and Integration: Proceedings of the International Conference. Beijing: Infiniti; 2025. Р. 137-146. DOI 10.34660/INF.2025.71.34.102.

18. SP 131.13330.2020. Building climatology. Updated edition of SNiP 23-01-99*. Moscow: Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation; 2021. 135 p. (In Russ.).

19. GOST R 70260–2022. Soils. Methods for field determination of the density of coarse-grained soils. Moscow: RST; 2022. 20 p. (In Russ.).